| ANSI (美国国家标准协会) |
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American
National Standards Institute. Anindustry body that publishes standards,
such as standards developed by the IEEE. |
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CENELEC (欧洲电工标准委员会) |
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This is the European acronym for the European
Committee for Electrotechniacal Standardization. The European technical
organization responsible for coordination of standards for safety
and electromagnetic emissions for electrical equipment in the European
Economic Community (EEC).The EEC(欧共体) is working toward having a uniform
set of standards that will apply for all EEC countries. |
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CSA (加拿大标准化组织) |
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Canadian Standards Organization. This is
a Canadian government organization that evaluates the safety of electrical
equipment. It is not legal to sell electrical equipment in Canada
without CSA approval (although such sales occur frequently). The standards
and test procedures of the CSA are similar to but not identical to
those of the UL in the USA. Equipment is not CSA approved unless it
bears the circular CSA mark. |
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CISPR22(欧洲射频电磁标准) |
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This is European Community standard specifying
the limits of radio frequency emissions which appliances and other
electrical equipment are allowed. The standard indicates the maximum
allowable emissions either radiated or conducted via the power cord
at various frequencies.Some countries still use the older VDE0871
emission standards,which are nearly identical.In the USA,the FCC has
a similar standard. |
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EN50-091(欧洲UPS系统安全测试标准) |
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A European test standard for UPS system
safety. Supercedes and is a superset of the IEC950 standard formaerly
used for UPS testing. In addition to the typical safety tests found
in the IEC950 standard, this standard includes special sections on
batteries and other safety concerns specific to UPS sytems. UPS products
are normally certified to this standard by VDE, TUV, SEMKO or other
authorized certification body. Many vendors whose products do not
meet this standard nevertheless claim compliance with the standard.
Therefore it is very important to make sure that an authorized certification
body has certified the product. |
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FCC(美国联邦通讯委员会发布的计算机设备电磁噪声及射频干扰标准) |
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The U.S. Federal communications Commission
specifies the maximum amounts of conducted noise signals (EMI) and
radio frequency interference (RFI) that computer equipment is permitted
to generate in Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations. These limits
are set in order to prevent computer equipment from interfering with
the operation of radio and television receivers. Two different limits
have been set, depending on the typical application and marketing
of the computer equipment. The class "A" FCC limits are
for equipment intended for use in commercial and industrial environments.
The more |
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IEC (国际电工委员会) |
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The International Electrotechnical Commission.
Aninternational organization that writes standards for safety for
electrical and other equipment. Many IEC standards were adopted from
the German VDE, which was the main historical standards-writing body
in Europe. One goal of the IEC is to harmonize differing standards
between European countries to facilitate free trade. The U.S. Underwriters
Laboratories (UL) and the Canadian CSA are members of the IEC and
it is likely that UL and CSA standards will also converge with the
IEC standards in the future. |
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IEEE(电机与电子工程师学会 ) |
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Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers. A professional society and standards writing body for the
U.S. Electronics industry. |
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IEC-320(国际电源连接标准) |
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An international power connector standard
developed by the international Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) used
mainly with input power cordsets. It is possible when using cordsets
which incorporate this connector to connect power to a product with
any of nine different cordsets so that the product can be easily modified
to operate anywhere in the world. |
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IEC950(国际数据处理安全标准) |
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An international standard for safety or
data processing and related equipment. IEC950 specifies rules regarding
construction, insulation, and safety features of computer equipment.
Ordinarily, a product tested by TUV or VDE is checked for compliance
with IEC950. |
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IEEE (电机与电子工程师学会) |
|
Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers. A professional society and standards writing body for the
U.S. Electronics industry. |
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IEEE C62.41(电气浪涌环境定义标准) |
|
The U.S. Federal communications Commission
specifies the maximum amounts of conducted noise signals (EMI) and
radio frequency interference (RFI) that computer equipment is permitted
to generate in Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations. These limits
are set in order to prevent computer equipment from interfering with
the operation of radio and television receivers. Two different limits
have been set, depending on the typical application and marketing
of the computer equipment. The class "A" FCC limits are
for equipment intended for use in commercial and industrial environments.
The more |
|
IEC (国际电工委员会) |
|
In this IEEE standard (formerly called
IEEE 587),the surge environment to which electrical equipment is exposed
is defined. Using data collected over many years, this standard describes
the type, magnitude, and frequency of electrical surges that are likely
to be found at various points on the wiring within a building. The
standard defines standard surge voltage waveforms which represent
the worst surges to be expected, and recommends that equipment be
designed to survive the application of the test waveforms. A "Category
A" waveform is defined which consists of a 6000V, 200A, 500KHZ
ringing voltage waveform. This waveform is the worst case waveform
which is expected to be found at user wall receptacles. Two "Category
B" waveforms are defined, including a 500A version of the Category
A waveform as well as a 6000V 5000A unipolar pulse waveform. These
waveforms are described as the worst case waveform which is expected
to be found at a circuit breaker panel box or on wiring that goes
outside the building. "Passing the IEEE test" is a commonly
used term which means simply that the UPS or surge suppressor survived
application of the test voltage; it says nothing about any level of
protection which the UPS or surge suppressor might provide to the
loads that it is supposed to protect. Most simple extension cord "Pass"
the IEEE test, yet provide no protection from surges. The protective
performance of a UPS or surge suppressor is measured by the peak "let
through" voltage which the unit allows when subjected to the
IEEE test waveforms. For this test, the Category A test waveform is
usually used since it is more representative of the users actual environment. |
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TUV(德国安全测试库) |
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TUV is a safety testing laboratory with
headquarters in Germany. TUV can test products for compliance with
IEC or VDE requirements. Products that bear the TUV insignia have
been tested by TUV for compliance with applicable standards for sale
in the European market. |
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VDE(德国电气工程师研究所) |
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VDE is the German institute of Electrical
Engineers. This association has written many standards for electrical
equipment. By agreement, Germany and all EC countries now use IEC
testing standards, which have in many cases been derived from historic
VDE standards. In areas where there is no applicable IEC standard,
the EC has standards known as "EN" standards. VDE tests
products to IEC or EN specifications. |
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VDE 0871(德国射频标准) |
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A German standard specifying limits of
conducted or emitted radio frequency interference permitted from electronic
equipment. By agreement with the other EC countries, this standard
is now replaced by the EN emmision standard also called the CISPR
22 standard. |
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VCCI(日本自动控制产品标准) |
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The Japanese Voluntary Control Couneil
for Interference. This Japanese industry association certifies compliance
of equipment sold in Japan to the international CISPR 22 emission
standards. There is no legal requirement to have VCCI compliance to
sell in Japan, but the VCCI label has become recognized as an indication
of produce quality and is required by many Japanese customers. |
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UL(电气安全或安全设备库) |
|
Underwriters Laboratory. This private organization
was originally founded as a result of the need for insurance companies
to help consumers choose safe electrical and safety equipment. UL
evaluates equipment submitted to them by the equipment manufactruer
using standards which UL has written for the equipment category. Equipment
which is evaluated and found to meet the safety requirements is either
UL listed or UL recognized. Many insurance companies and local electrical
codes in the U.S. require that installed electrical equipment be UL
Listed. |
